Postpartum family planning services can be provided directly after the completion of the delivery process until approximately 40 days after that. The aim of the service is to regulate birth spacing, increase family welfare, and reduce maternal mortality and infant rates. Before childbirth, usually in the III trimester of pregnancy, pregnant mother of course it has been suggested to plan to take family planning after giving birth. Types of family planning for postpartum mothers include long-term contraceptive methods and short-term contraceptive methods. Long-term contraceptive methods consist of steady contraception (Female Operation Method, Male Operation Method), then AKBK / Implant and IUD / IUD. As for the short-term type of contraception, it consists of kb injection, kb pill, and the use of condoms.
Types of Contraception that can be Ibu Choose Post Childbirth
Of the types of family planning for postpartum mothers, of course, they have their respective advantages and disadvantages. For more details, let’s consider the following explanation.
Also Read: ( Still Afraid of the Issue of Family Planning Side Effects? Check out the following article! )
Female Operation Method (MOW)
In the past, this procedure was often called sterilization and was performed on medical indications such as having a hereditary disease and limiting the number of children. This method of operation has been known for a long time. The action taken on this type of steady contraception is to tie and cut the fallopian tubes. This is so that the egg cannot be fertilized by sperm.
Side effects :
- Postoperative fever
- Wound infection
- Pain at the surgical site after surgery
Advantages:
- Almost 100% effectiveness
- Does not depend on factors of intercourse
Male Operation Method (MOP)
This steady contraception is carried out by means of surgery. Namely by binding and cutting the seed canal, so that sperm do not come out of the testicles. This steady contraception is the same as MOW. Both women and men can be followed with the aim of limiting the number of children.
Side effects :
- There are no long term side effects
Advantages:
- There is no death
- Does not interfere with subsequent sexual intercourse and also the amount of fluid released by the husband during intercourse will not change
- It does not require much money, the most important thing is the consent of the wife.
- There is no possibility of failure
IUD / IUD
This intrauterine device is a very effective method for the long term. The failure rate for this method is so small it doesn’t even happen. This method can be applied immediately after 10 minutes to a maximum of 48 hours after the placenta is born. This IUD is very safe for breastfeeding mothers because it does not interfere with milk production. Fertility will quickly return if this contraception is removed.
Side effects :
- Changes in the pattern or number of menstruation
- Increased vaginal discharge / secretions.
- Pain in the stomach
Advantages:
- Can be effective immediately after installation
- Long term method
- Does not affect sexual relations
- Does not affect the quality and volume of breast milk
AKBK / Implant
This contraceptive method is a hormonal method that is effective for up to 5 years or depending on the type of implant used. The implant is placed under the skin on the upper arm, this contraceptive device is inserted under the skin of the inner upper arm. The working concept is to prevent ovulation and sperm migration. Usually this contraceptive installation is recommended 6 weeks after delivery. Revocation can be done prematurely if you plan to get pregnant again.
Side effects :
- Weight gain / loss
- Menstrual pattern disorders
- Possible infection at the installation site
Advantages:
- Effective within 24 hours after installation
- Protects women from uterine cancer
- Does not interfere with milk production
- The fertility rate returns very quickly after extraction
- Reduce / improve anemia
Injectable KB
Injectable birth control is a way to prevent pregnancy by injection. There are two types of injection contraception, namely the 3-month progestin injection and the 1-month combination injection. For breastfeeding mothers it is recommended to use a progestin injection for 3 months. A 3 month progestin injection can be given after 6 weeks of delivery and is safe for breastfeeding mothers. On the other hand, the 1 month combination injection cannot be given to nursing mothers because this will affect milk production. Before being injected, the mother’s health must be checked first to make sure that it is suitable. Injectable birth control allows for delayed fertility recovery after discontinuation of use.
Side effects :
- Increase in weight
- Changes in menstrual patterns
- Mood changes
- Headache, Nausea
Advantages:
- Long term
- Does not interfere with sexual relations
- Progestin injection does not affect the breastfeeding process and is suitable for mothers who breastfeed more than 6 weeks.
Pill Pill
This contraceptive method is a short term method. There are 2 types, namely the combination pill and the mini pill. Combined birth control pills cannot be used by mothers who are breastfeeding. Because it can affect milk production. On the other hand, the Mini Pill is perfect for breastfeeding women who want to use birth control pills. Minipil is very effective during lactation, does not reduce milk production, does not provide side effects of estrogen.
Side effects :
- Menstrual cycles become regular when using combined birth control pills
- Menstrual cycle becomes irregular when using the Mini Pill
- Change in weight
- Dizzy
Advantages:
- High effectiveness (almost like the effectiveness of tubectomy)
- Does not interfere with sexual relations
Condom
This contraception is a barrier contraception (barrier). Besides condoms can prevent pregnancy, they can also prevent sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV / AIDS. Condoms will be effective if used properly and correctly. In addition, condoms can also be used in conjunction with other contraceptives to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. Condoms are good for temporary contraception. The rate of condom failure is very low at 2-12 pregnancies per 100 women per year.
Side effects :
- The condom is broken or leaking
- An allergic reaction
- Reducing the pleasure of having sex
Advantages:
- Does not interfere with milk production
- Has no systemic effect
- Cheap and available in various places
MAL (Lactation Amenorrhea Method)
The Lactation Amenorrhea Method is a natural contraceptive that only relies on exclusive breastfeeding. Babies are not given additional food or drink for 6 months. This method will be very effective in several conditions. For example, the mother has not had another menstruation after giving birth, the baby is exclusively breastfed, and the baby is less than six months old. If the mother and baby can meet the conditions above, the chance to get pregnant quickly again after cleansing is very small. This is because when the mother after giving birth does not get menstruation. Which means that your body does not ovulate or does not release egg cells. This automatically makes you unable to get pregnant during intercourse. After the mother stops breastfeeding and the baby starts getting food, the body is usually ready to return to ovulation. In other words, you can get pregnant again.
To be able to realize the family implementation pattern mentioned above, it is necessary to use appropriate contraception. Contraception in accordance with the needs and support of the family, especially the husband. This is so that the maternal and infant mortality rates do not increase and a prosperous life will be realized. Before you decide to choose one of these contraceptives, it would be nice for you to consult with your doctor or midwife first.
Hope it is useful!
